The General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) is a subject-based school leaving qualification taken in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. GCSE exams are taken prior to A-Levels, usually during Year 10 and Year 11. Most students that leave school after their GCSE exams do not wish to go to university and instead begin apprenticeships.
There is no minimum age requirement to sit GCSEs and the youngest students known to achieve a grade A* and grade 9 are home-schooled siblings Thomas and Ellie Barnes who achieved the highest possible grade at age seven and nine respectively!
The GCSE qualification is subject-based and following reforms between 2015 and 2017 the number of subjects on offer has decreased substantially as the reformed GCSEs have core requirements set by Ofqual (The Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation).
Students usually take a minimum of 5 subjects, including English, Mathematics and Science, to satisfy the general expectations of achieving a minimum of 5 GCSEs with grades between A* and C. Since 2017, students at school have been encouraged to take a set of subjects that will lead to the English Baccalaureate (EBacc). To achieve the EBacc, students must take the following subjects:
Despite the recommendation to achieve the EBacc, there is no minimum or maximum number of subjects that students can take.
GCSEs are usually studied over the course of 2 years however this is not mandatory. Private candidates can sign up for GCSEs at any time, whether they have studied the subject for two months or two years. The system offers different levels of ability, as subjects can be taken either at Foundation or Higher level. There are two examination sessions per year, one in the Summer and one in the Autumn.
GCSE examinations are administered through five different examination boards that each offer different subjects and curriculums:
When deciding on which examination boards to choose, it is important to consider the distinct specifications of each board and whether your examination centre (the school or business where you will be sitting the exam) is registered with the examination board. You can mix and match multiple examination boards as you do not need to sit all exams with one board.
From 2017 most GCSEs have introduced a new 9-point scale grading system where 9 is the highest grade, considered higher than the former A* classification. The former grade C is now the new grade 4, considered a “standard pass” with grade 5 now considered a “strong pass”.
The traditional tier system of foundation and higher are now less frequently on offer for GCSE qualifications. However, it does still exist and on the numerical grading system grades 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are available for foundation tiers and grades 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 for higher tiers. Controlled assessments and coursework tasks are not divided into tiers.
The International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) is a subject-based school leaving qualification that is taken prior to A-Levels usually during Year 10 and Year 11. Most students that leave school after their IGCSE exams do not wish to go to university and instead begin apprenticeships.
The difference between the IGCSE and the GCSE is the “I” which stands for International. The IGCSE was developed by University of Cambridge International Examinations and is an internationally recognised qualification as examinations can be sat all over the world. It is generally considered to be more rigorous than the GCSE and has the added benefit of being assessed only through a written exam, not with the added coursework component required by many GCSE subjects.
Contrary to school leaving qualifications in other countries, an IGCSE is subject based. This means that you are free to choose the number of subjects you would like to sit at IGCSE and each individual subject is examined separately. There are no previous learning requirements when you sit your exams and there is no minimum age requirement.
There are over 70 subjects on offer and typically students take between six and twelve subjects. The EBacc does not exist for the IGCSE however students taking exams offered by CAIE (Cambridge Assessment International Education) can be awarded an ICE (International Certificate of Education) if they achieve 7 subject passes A*- C across the following range of subject groups:
To qualify for the ICE, students must take two different languages from Group I, one subject each from Groups II, III, IV and V. The seventh subject can be taken from any of the five subject groups. There are three grades for the ICE: Distinction, Merit and Pass.
IGCSE’s are usually studied over the course of 2 years however this is not mandatory. Private candidates can sign up for IGCSE’s at any time, whether they have studied the subject for two months or two years. There are two examination sessions per year, one in the Summer and one in the Autumn/Winter.
GCSE examinations are administered through four different examination boards that each offer different subjects and curriculums:
When deciding on which examination boards to choose, it is important to consider the distinct specifications of each board and whether your examination centre (the school or business where you will be sitting the exam) is registered with the examination board. You can mix and match multiple examination boards as you do not need to sit all exams with one board.
The pass grades for IGCSEs are, from highest to lowest, A*, A, B, C, D and E. Despite this range, only grades of C or above are generally considered an achievement. If students do not reach the minimum standard required for a grade E, students receive the non-grade U (unclassified).
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